Roofing cleat



- A. C. FISCHER ROOFING CLEAT Fild Dec. 12, 1919 Patented Dec. ll, 1923.

PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT C. FISCHER, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ROOFING CLEAT.

Application led December 12, 1919. Serial No. 344,322.

To @ZZ whomc't may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT C. FISCHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Roofing Cleats, of which the following is a specification.

One object of the present invention is to provide a cheap and efficient roofing cleat adapted for securing and weatherproofing or lireprooiing the union between a roofing surface and the marginal portion of a roofing member superposed thereon, to which end one feature of the invention consists in providing a cleat formed partially or wholly of sheet metal fashioned to substantially conform to a plurality of faces of roofing material, and consisting essentially in a longitudinal plate adapted to overlie the marginal upper surface of the roofing member tobe secured, together, with an offsetting portion extending from one side thereof in a position sufliciently near the perpendicular to adapt ittostiften the plate and also to extend across the edge of the secured roofing member toward the surface upon which the latter is to be held; the cleat preferably also comprising a flange extend* ing beyond the offsetting portion and underlying the under surface, which flange may be either an integral portion of the metal of the cleat or an extension of weatherproof or fireproof material which is applied as an under facing to the cleat.

.A further vobject of the invention is to provide for cementing the roofing cleat to the members with which it is to be associated, to which end another feature of the invention consists in providing a roofing cleat with a cemented facing of flexible material,

such, for instance, as roofing felt, which lmay in turn be cemented to the surfaces of the roof to which the cleat is to be applied; a subordinate idea in connection with this feat-ure of the invention consisting in having the packing or cementing material extend beyond-the metal for the purpose of securing a more flexible cementing edge.

Another object Eof the invention -is to adapt the improved cleat for manipulation and application in extended lengths, but to render the goods flexible for rolling or othery reducing the dimension of packages -use in connection with spaced sections of roofing material, such as shingles or the like, and to adapt it to not only hold down the free end of a shingle but to bridge the distance between twospaced shingles and assist in supporting an overlying shingle over such space, to which end another feature of the inventio-n consists in providing the cleat with a length corresponding to the width of the shingle; a subordinate idea incident to this part of the invention consisting in giving to the cleat, or a portion thereof, a vertical o-r offsetting dimension equivalent to the thickness of two shingles so that it may drop down from the upper surface of one layer or shingle to the upper surface of thesecond layer below, and so be adapted to form a weather barrier across the space between the two shingles and immediately beneath the edge of the bridging shingle. Additional subordinate ideas inci dent to this part of the invention' consist either in limiting the metal portion of the cleat inlength to the space between two shinglesand having additional parts thereof composed of the flexible roofing material fashioned to conform to two different levels of roofing members, or else having the metal portion of the cleat supply both the bridging and weather barrier portions.

The invention will be fully understood upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of different embodiments are shown by way of illustration.

In said drawings- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section of roofing in which two different types of cleat are embodied; and Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views showing the respective types of cleat employed in Figure 1.

Figures 2a and 2b are modifications of the type of cleat shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4C is a perspective view showing a modification of the combinedbridging and weather bar type of cleat.

`Figure 5 shows a form of cleat which serves the combined' purpose of holding down the intermediate or bridging portion of a shingle and affording a. weather bar for the spacebeneath the same. t l

FigureIi shows a modificationof the combined cleat and anchoring seal shown in Figure 5.

Figure 6 is a view showing a section of roofing to which is applied the form of cleat shown in Figure 5.`

hesive of lasting masticity.

A represents Shingles applied to a roof in known manner, with the shingles of one layer breaking joints with those of another f in? order to cover the spaces between shingles.

According to the-.present invention the shingles are. laid with verywide spaces B between their .opposed longitudinal edges,

.and the shingles A have .their free ends pro- ;vi'dQd 'with securing and strengthening cleats' C.v Each cleat is formed with an upper `plate c which lies along the upper surface of. a` shingle adjacent its free end,

, and Iwith anolfsetting portion c2 correspondingsubstantially .to theithickness of the shingle `and extending toward the surface vof the next lower seriesof shingles, where it may provided with a bearing plate 03, `According to Figure 2 the plate c3 constitutes an integral extension of the olii'- set 02. v This feature` of the invention, however.' may be realized with good results by .forming the plate ,c3 of an extension c3 of roofing feltffelted asbestos, or the like, as shown .in Figure 2 wherein the metal portionyof thecleat `terminates with the olfsetting portion c2..

E (Figures and 6) E E* (Figures 2*, 2"?, 5a, 9 and 10), and F2 (Figures 4, 7, andv 8) rep-resent anchoring, sealing weatherproofing, or `fiieproofing strips to which the cleats are secured in different ways and in different relations, preferably by meansof cement, and through? means of which the cleats may readily be cemented to the roofing members and thus adapt thecleats to better seal the jointsbetween the members and prevent weather elements or fire .from being driven up beneath overlapping' portions.

, Acgording to Figures 2, 2'?, 4, 5f?, 9 and f l() the-,anchoring strip E merely follows the contour of the cleat and constitutes a facing for the latter.4 In Figures 5 and 6 the strip Eis s0 related to ,the cleat that its portion corresponding to the lower level may enter Figures 7 and 8 are, respectively, a per-v.

between the upper face of a lower roofing surface and the under face of an upper member lapped thereon and thus become a cementing strip between overlapping parts; while in Figures 4, 7, and 8 it serves to weather-proof the bridging space as hereinafter described.

Cleats C are preferably cemented t0 the shingles A so that they are adapted to not onlynhold down the free ends of the shingles when secured by nails through the perforations c4 but to sustain thel shingles, particularly whereithey bridge the space between overlapped shingles. This permits the shingles to be spaced at much greater distances apart, and economizes in the quantity of roofing material used, at least sufficient to pay for the cleats.

An important advantage-arising from the use of cleats C in the particular relation to shingles herein described isthat the cleatV may conveniently embody the additional feature of a weather bar c or c (Figures and 4), consisting of a further depression of a portionof the bearingplate 'e3 to lill the space between shingles immediately beneath the cleat, and thus .prevent wind and rain from blowing up. under the shingles.

InFigure 3 the weather bar'is provided by depressing a portion 05 of the plate c3;

`whereas in Figure 4 it is Providedby cutting a lip o out ofthe plate c3 and permitting it to depend as an apron. y

Accordingto Figuresy 5 and 6 the holddowncleat and weather bar may involve a metal portion c7 which in length correspends merely yto the space betweeny two singles, and this will have its ,offsetting portion c? substantially equal toa double shingle thickness so that it extends from the upper surface 4of one shingle across the end of such shingle andacross the side edges of two spaced shingles beneathvhere it `meets an anchoring strip Eto which Ait isceinented. The anchoring strip E, as suggested in Figure 6, will be indefinitein length and will underlie a Vseries of shingles and be cemented to them preferably in a manner to unite ,the intermediate .portions of overlapped shingles. The metaljcleat c7 @may be secured to the anchoring strip E, as

shown in Figure 5. by providing the latter with an upturned tab e to which` the olfset portion es` of the cleat is'. cemented. The perforation c* in the combined cleat and weather bar c" cs adapts it to further secure the shingle.y c

As shown in Figures 7 and' 8 the facing of felt may extend beyond the ends of the combined cleat and weather bar 0T, as shown atl)2 and may be stepped from the upper to the lower level of `overlapped roofing members.` and cemented to both so as to ysecure portions of the free'edges ofthe shingles lying beyond" the cleat; the Weather bar c' lao or apron being permitted to depend, as shown in Figure 8, in this for n. The facing strip E2 is also extended down behind the apron or bar es and may have its extended edge E2 deflected outward beneath the lower edge of said apron or bar to secure a more effective seal of the joint.

In all the forms, cementing of a sheet metal cleat to a strip lof fabric through means of asphaltic cement will be found to firmly and intimately unite metal to fabric and adapt the composite material thus produced to remain assembled and be freely manipulated without danger of separation. As suggested in Figure 8, the nail bosses c* permit the accumulation of the ceinenting' material in their hollow undersides, vand thereby automatically seal the securing nails when driven in.

The improved form of cleatis not limited in its application to roofing members subdivided 'into shingles, but as suggested in Figures' 9 and 10 may be used in securing the lapped edges of continuous rooting sheets A', A. For'this purpose the cleat will be subdivided into sections cemented upon a Astrip E and having a plurality of nail holes ct', the length of cleat being as large as practicable without rendering inconvenient the flexing or folding of the strip for shipment; or the cleat may be subdivided into relative- 1y shorter units 01 as shown in Figure 10, each with a single nail hole c4. In either case the cleats will be secured to the strip by cementing through means of asphalt or other equivalent adhesive.

Preferably in the form of cleats shown in Figures l, 2 and 3 will be provided with a facing E or E2 of felt or like material to which they are firmly cemented, and which will in turn be cemented to the roofing members to which the cleat is applied. The adhesive for this purpose may be in the form of a cement of lasting masticity applied to the goods in manufacture and protected either by placing together opposed mastic faces of two strips of the goods, reversed in vposition to bring the elevated portion of one faced cleat against the depressed portion of another cleat, as illustrated in Figure 1l, or by application to the mastic of a non-absorbing thin protecting sheet that can be removed to expose the adhesive and discarded at the time of applying the'cleat to the roof.

I claim:

1. A rooting cleat having an elongated substantially fiat plate with a downwardly disposed offsetting portionv lending stiifness thereto; said plate having means adapting` it to be nailed in position; a portion of said oltsetting surface being extended beyond the rest to adapt it to provide a weather bar for the space between two separated portions of overlapped rooting.

2,r A rooting cleat having' an elongated plate adapted to overlie the roofing member at one level. an offsetting portion extending to another level, and a weather bar forming a continuation of said offsetting portion beyond said other level.

3. .il rooting cleat having an elongated substantially flat plate with a downwardly disposing oifsetting portion lending stiffness thereto; said plate having means adapting it to be nailed in position; and said offsetting portion carrying a bearing plate in position to rest upon a lower level of rooting surface. a porton of said bearing plate being da placed to provide a weather bar.

4l. In combination with a shingle roof. a cleat adapted for attachment to the free end of a shingle; and having a portion extending downwardly into the space between two shingles of a lower level.

5. VIn shingle rooting, cleats adapted for.

attachment to the free ends of bridging shingles and having each a portion extending downwardly throughl the space between two bridged shingles and there provided with hold-down means for engaging beneath said bridged shingles.

6. In combination with felt roofing shingles laid in overlapping rows with spaces between the shingles of a row, combined hold-down and space-closing means carried by the bridging portions of overlapping shingles, and each including in its construction a portion extending from the bridging shingle downwardly past the edges of bridged shingles. substantially corresponding in width to the space be tween the latter7 and provided at its lower end with hold-down means for engaging beneath said bridged shingles.

7. In combination with felt roofing shingles, laid in overlapping rows wit spaces between the shingles of a row, combined hold-down and space-closing means carried by the bridging portions of overlapping shingles, and each including in its construction a portion. extending from the bridging shingle downwardly past the edges of bridged shingles., substantially corresponding in width to the space between the latter. and provided at its lower end with hold-down means for engaging beneath said bridged Shingles; said downwardly eirtending portion and hold-down means comprising felt deflected from the plane of thc downwardly extending portion to that of the hold-down portion.

8. A roofing cleat fashioned to conform to two faces of roofing material in different planes; and having a facing of fibrous material thereon in position to be cemented to both said faces.

9. A roofing cleat comprising an overlying plate and an offsetting portion and having a facing of fibrous material upon both said plate and said offsetting portion.

l0. A roofing cleat having an. overlying plate, an offsetting portion, and a bearing` plate beyond said offsetting portion, and having a facing of fibrous material underlying both said plates and the offsetting portion.

11. A roofing cleat fashioned to conform to tWo different surfaces of roofing material, vand having a facing of fibrous material thereon in position to be cemented to both said surfaces, the exposed side of the fibrous material being coated with a sticky mastic to render it selfadhering.

12, A roofing cleat adapted to overlie a roofing member for holding down the same; said cleat being constructed with a nailing boss and having a fibrous material cemented to the face thereof beneath saidnailing boss, in position to lie upon the surface upon which the cleat is laid.

13. A roofingcleat adapted to overlie a roofing member for holding down the saine; said cleat being constructed with a nailing boss and having a fibrous material cemented to the face thereof beneath said nailing boss, inv position to lie upon the surface upon which the cleat` is laid; the nailing boss being hollow and having its hollow filled with amastic substance.

14. As a new article of manufacture, roofing shingles having cleats attached to the upper surfaces of their free ends and carried by said shingles independently of' 16. As an article of manufacture, roofing cleats constructed with facings offibrous material, coated with adhesive of lasting masticity, and separablyassembled with their adhesive faces in contact andmutua'lly protectingrelation. C y l 17. As an article of manufacture, roofing cleats constructed With faces offibrous material and With adhesive of lasting masticity upon the outer surfaces of said faces, different longitudinal portions of a cleat being offset, and said cleats being assembled in pairs, reversed in position, a-nd'their adhesive faces separably adheredtogether.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 28th lday of November, 1919.

ALBERT o. FISCHER. 

